w母鸡我正在上高中，我不得不通过大学入学考试才能开始大学。我来自巴西，与其他所有申请同一专业的人相比，大学在考试中接受学生的得分如何。首次尝试并不容易，尤其是如果许多人争夺它。

在16岁时，我申请了生物学专业。

It was a subject I enjoyed studying in high school and it was not a college major competitively sought after by many exam applicants. To my absolute surprise, I passed and started college at 17 years old.

我担心人们会找出我没有像生物学那样投入的生物学 - 毕竟，我从来没有梦想过成为一名科学家！我在大学里呆了很多年，一直担心我更有资格，更聪明的同龄人会揭露我的没有准备就绪。

开始博士学位后，同样的感觉浮出水面。想法“When are they going to find out that I haven’t really thought about being a scientist until I started college?”; “How long until they say there was a mistake and that I was wrongfully accepted into the program?”would come to my mind every day. It wasn’t until I started therapy in my third year of the Ph.D. that I was introduced to the concept of冒名顶替综合征。

第一的described by psychologists Suzanne Imes, Ph.D. and Pauline Rose Clance, Ph.D. in the 1970s, impostor syndrome (or impostor phenomenon) occurs among those “who are unable to internalize and accept their success”, according to本文by the American Psychological Association.

As an exercise, my therapist asked me to list the objective reasons why my peers deserved to be in the program and I didn’t. She asked me to concretely identify why I didn’t think I could be a terrific scientist even though I hadn’t planned to become one. Why would people say nice things about my work and professionalism if they really didn’t believe in it? No, they were not saying it just because I am nice. I started to understand that my thoughts were not rational: I am not faking my abilities; I am qualified, and I possess skills that have brought me where I am.

In academia, we are surrounded by highly accomplished individuals. People who have spent years deciphering important aspects of life and have made groundbreaking contributions to the world as we understand it today.

绝对期望我们在这种环境中感到不知所措。

It may help to remember that they were also juniors some time ago. Most of them will relate to your discomfort and guide you to realize that you are exactly where you are supposed to be: in a place to learn and develop professionally. Although these senior researchers have gone through most of their academic training, they also face impostor fears from time to time. Professionals in transition stages (from Ph.D. to postdoc to faculty, from academia to industry, for example) tend to experience these fears as well.

冒名顶替症状从避免会议中的问题（“this would be a dumb thing to ask”)to thinking you got where you are bybeing luckyand not seeing the worthiness of contributions.

无论您的同龄人和主管说您对团队很重要，并且您的贡献很重要，您根本看不到它的价值 - 您坚信他们只会说，因为他们喜欢您。为了在个人层面上解决这个问题，没有什么比治疗更好的方法了。

专业疗法将帮助您解开自己无法看到价值的理由。如果您是罗格斯大学的学生，那么您有资格学生健康计划，您可以在这里免费找到专门的咨询。您也许还可以通过健康保险提供者参加治疗课程。

However, at a community level, we can take a few action steps to lessen the burden of these fears collectively.

第一的，我们应该承认，我们大多数人都有冒名顶替者的恐惧：与同龄人分享我们的思想和经验，我们信任的人将把事情置于视角上。

Second，我们应该促进一个对每个人都多样化和包容的环境。许多人由于缺乏代表性而面临冒名顶替者的恐惧 - 即，他们没有与给定群体的其他成员共享身份。对于少数民族而言，尤其如此，需要在制度上解决。例如，部门，工作组和教室应该努力建立一个每个人都感到安全和欢迎的环境。

第三，同行指导计划是欢迎新成员加入团队的好工具。这将表明他们的存在是重视的，并考虑了他们的贡献。

In order to deal with my impostor’s fears, I have been more open about it (for example by writing this piece!), and I have started to assess my accomplishments more rationally.

如果我在实验室里感到沮丧，我会回头看我的旧笔记本，我意识到过去五年来我作为研究人员成长了多少。同样，我比较了新的和新的海报，以了解我的论文研究已经走了多远。当这种更大的图像方法无法解决问题时，我会得到更具体的：我查看了三年前的显微镜图像，并将它们与我的最新作品进行比较，并很快意识到我在这种特殊的技术中已经走了很长一段路。我还喜欢确定我知道自己擅长的活动。以细胞培养为例：我知道如何正确护理细胞，我可以快速学习基于细胞的新实验，而且很少有污染问题。这使我想起了我在实验室中熟练。因此，有一个原因为什么我被选为那里。

最后，记住您经历的所有步骤: graduate program interviews, interviews with PIs, CV evaluation, and much more. In each step, there were qualified individuals who evaluated you and concluded that you have what it takes to be where you are. They also did the same thing to your peers — whom you tend to think are far better than you. How do you rationalize that they did a good job by hiring your peers but made a mistake by hiring you?

我不打算向您讲授如何完全克服冒名顶替者的恐惧，或者如何闭合这种内在的声音（因为我还没有学到这一点）。我确实希望您了解我们大多数人都会经历它，并且每个人都有不同的理由使它浮出水面。

这可能是不安全感，自尊心低，完美主义，对判断力的恐惧或其他原因。我只想让您知道这很普遍，谈论它是让您对自己感觉更好的第一步。如果您想谈论它，但不确定从哪里开始，您可以与我联系。我很乐意与您聊天。

希望您喜欢这篇文章，并以某种方式为您提供了帮助！